The Battle of Lewes took place on May 14, 1264, during the conflict between King Henry III and the barons led by Simon de Montfort. This battle was significant because it marked a turning point in the struggle for power in England. The barons aimed to limit the king's authority and establish a more representative form of governance. In the battle, de Montfort's forces achieved a surprising victory against the royal army. This win allowed him to take control of the government, leading to the establishment of the first English parliament. The Battle of Lewes is remembered as a crucial moment in the development of democracy in England.