The Battle of Sekigahara took place on October 21, 1600, and was a decisive conflict in Japanese history. It marked the end of the Sengoku period, a time of civil war and social upheaval. The battle was fought between the forces loyal to Tokugawa Ieyasu and those supporting Ishida Mitsunari. The outcome of the battle solidified Tokugawa Ieyasu's power, leading to the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate, which ruled Japan for over 250 years. This victory changed the political landscape of Japan, paving the way for a long period of peace and stability known as the Edo period.