A Battery Management System (BMS) is a technology that monitors and manages rechargeable batteries, ensuring they operate safely and efficiently. It tracks important parameters like voltage, current, and temperature, helping to prevent issues such as overcharging or overheating. This is crucial for maintaining the longevity and performance of batteries used in devices like electric vehicles and portable electronics. BMS also balances the charge across individual cells within a battery pack, ensuring that all cells are equally charged and discharged. This balancing process enhances the overall performance and lifespan of the battery, making it a vital component in systems that rely on lithium-ion batteries and other rechargeable battery technologies.