A Battery Management System (BMS) is a technology that monitors and manages rechargeable batteries, ensuring they operate safely and efficiently. It tracks important parameters like voltage, current, and temperature, helping to prevent issues such as overcharging or overheating, which can damage the battery or reduce its lifespan. The BMS also balances the charge across individual cells within a battery pack, promoting uniform performance. This is especially important in applications like electric vehicles and renewable energy systems, where reliable battery performance is crucial for overall system efficiency and safety.