Basic emotions are fundamental feelings that are universally recognized across cultures. They include happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust. These emotions are often considered innate and are essential for human survival, helping individuals respond to their environment and communicate with others. Each basic emotion has distinct physiological responses and expressions. For example, fear can trigger a fight-or-flight response, while happiness often leads to smiling and increased energy. Understanding these emotions can enhance emotional intelligence and improve interpersonal relationships, as they play a crucial role in how people connect and interact with one another.