Barotrauma is a medical condition that occurs when there is a difference in pressure between the inside of the body and the surrounding environment. This often happens during activities like scuba diving or flying, where rapid changes in altitude can affect air-filled spaces in the body, such as the ears and sinuses. Symptoms may include pain, discomfort, or even damage to these areas. The condition can lead to complications if not addressed promptly. Treatment typically involves equalizing pressure, such as yawning or swallowing, and in severe cases, medical intervention may be necessary. Preventive measures include ascending or descending slowly to allow the body to adjust to pressure changes.