Background materials refer to the foundational documents or resources that provide context and information about a specific subject. These materials can include research papers, articles, reports, and historical documents that help to explain the background and significance of a topic. They are essential for understanding the broader implications and nuances of a subject. In academic and professional settings, background materials are often used to support arguments, inform decision-making, and guide research. They can also include bibliographies, literature reviews, and case studies that offer insights into previous work and findings related to the topic at hand.