Backend services refer to the server-side components of a software application that handle data processing, storage, and communication with the frontend. They manage tasks such as database interactions, user authentication, and business logic, ensuring that the application functions smoothly and efficiently. Common technologies used for backend services include Node.js, Python, and Java. These services operate behind the scenes, allowing users to interact with the application without needing to understand the underlying processes. They often utilize APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) to facilitate communication between the frontend and backend, enabling seamless data exchange and functionality across different platforms.