A Battery Management System (BMS) is an electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery. It monitors the battery's voltage, current, and temperature to ensure safe operation and longevity. The BMS also balances the charge across individual cells, preventing overcharging or deep discharging, which can damage the battery. BMS is commonly used in various applications, including electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, and portable electronics. By optimizing battery performance and safety, a BMS helps improve the efficiency and reliability of devices that rely on batteries, such as electric cars and solar energy storage systems.