Bézier curves are mathematical curves used in computer graphics and related fields to model smooth shapes. They are defined by a set of control points, with the simplest form being a linear Bézier curve defined by two points. More complex curves, like quadratic and cubic Bézier curves, use three and four control points, respectively, allowing for greater flexibility in shape design. These curves are widely used in vector graphics software, animation, and font design due to their ability to create smooth and scalable shapes. The concept was developed by the French engineer Pierre Bézier in the 1960s, and they remain essential in digital design today.