Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini was an influential Iranian religious leader and politician, best known for leading the Iranian Revolution in 1979. He played a crucial role in overthrowing the Pahlavi dynasty, which had ruled Iran for decades. Khomeini became the Supreme Leader of Iran, establishing a theocratic government based on Islamic principles. Khomeini's leadership marked a significant shift in Iran's political landscape, as he promoted the idea of Velayat-e Faqih, or guardianship of the Islamic jurist. This concept emphasized the authority of religious leaders in governance. His policies and ideologies continue to shape Iran's political and social dynamics today.