An aviation accident refers to an event involving an aircraft that results in damage or injury. This can include incidents during takeoff, flight, or landing, and may involve commercial airlines, private planes, or military aircraft. Factors contributing to these accidents can range from mechanical failures to human error. The investigation of aviation accidents is typically conducted by organizations such as the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) in the United States. These investigations aim to determine the cause of the accident and recommend safety improvements to prevent future occurrences, ensuring the safety of passengers and crew in the aviation industry.