Automatic Train Protection (ATP) is a safety system designed to prevent train accidents by automatically controlling train speed and movement. It monitors the train's position and speed in real-time, ensuring that it adheres to speed limits and signals. If a train exceeds a safe speed or approaches a signal at danger, the ATP system can intervene by applying the brakes. ATP systems are crucial for enhancing railway safety and are used in many countries worldwide. They work alongside other safety measures, such as Signaling Systems and Train Control Centers, to create a comprehensive safety network for rail transport.