The Australian Convict Sites are a collection of historic locations that showcase the history of penal transportation in Australia. Between 1788 and 1868, over 160,000 convicts were sent from Britain to Australia as punishment for various crimes. These sites include former penal colonies, prisons, and other structures that played a significant role in the convict system. Today, several of these sites are recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, highlighting their cultural and historical importance. Notable locations include Port Arthur, Hyde Park Barracks, and Fremantle Prison, which provide insights into the lives of convicts and the early development of Australian society.