Audio nodes are components used in audio processing systems to manage sound signals. They can represent various functions, such as sound sources, effects, or mixers. Each node can take input, process it, and produce output, allowing for complex audio manipulation and routing. In digital audio workstations (DAWs) or programming environments like Max/MSP or Pure Data, audio nodes help create and control sound. By connecting different nodes, users can design intricate audio setups, enabling them to produce music, sound effects, or other audio experiences tailored to their needs.