Audio analysis is the process of examining sound signals to extract meaningful information. This can involve breaking down audio into its components, such as pitch, volume, and frequency. Techniques like Fourier Transform are often used to convert audio signals from the time domain to the frequency domain, allowing for a clearer understanding of the sound's characteristics. Applications of audio analysis are diverse, ranging from music production to speech recognition. In music technology, it helps in identifying notes and rhythms, while in speech processing, it aids in understanding spoken language and improving communication tools. Overall, audio analysis plays a crucial role in various fields that rely on sound.