Atomic transitions refer to the process by which an electron in an atom moves between different energy levels or orbitals. When an electron absorbs energy, it can jump to a higher energy level, a state known as excitation. Conversely, when it loses energy, it falls back to a lower energy level, often releasing energy in the form of light or electromagnetic radiation. These transitions are fundamental to understanding various phenomena in physics and chemistry, including the emission and absorption spectra of elements. The study of atomic transitions is crucial for applications in fields such as quantum mechanics, spectroscopy, and laser technology.