Asynchronous techniques refer to methods that allow tasks to be executed independently without waiting for other tasks to complete. This approach is commonly used in programming, where functions can run in the background while the main program continues to operate. This enhances efficiency and responsiveness, especially in applications that require real-time user interaction. In the context of web development, asynchronous techniques are often implemented using technologies like JavaScript with Promises and async/await syntax. These tools enable developers to handle multiple operations, such as fetching data from a server, without blocking the user interface, leading to a smoother user experience.