Artificial satellites are human-made objects placed into orbit around the Earth or other celestial bodies. They serve various purposes, including communication, weather monitoring, navigation, and scientific research. These satellites are equipped with instruments that allow them to collect and transmit data back to Earth, playing a crucial role in modern technology and daily life. The first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, was launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, marking the beginning of the space age. Since then, thousands of satellites have been deployed, contributing to advancements in fields such as telecommunications, meteorology, and global positioning systems (GPS).