Artificial languages are languages that have been intentionally created rather than having naturally evolved. They are often designed for specific purposes, such as facilitating communication between speakers of different native languages or for use in fictional worlds. Examples include Esperanto, a constructed international auxiliary language, and Klingon, a language developed for the Star Trek franchise. These languages can also be used in programming and computer science, where they help in creating software and algorithms. Programming languages like Python and Java are examples of artificial languages that allow developers to write instructions for computers in a structured way.