Arthurian literature refers to a body of medieval writings centered around the legendary figure of King Arthur and his knights, particularly the Knights of the Round Table. These stories often explore themes of chivalry, loyalty, and adventure, featuring characters like Merlin, Guinevere, and Lancelot. The tales originated in the 5th to 6th centuries and were popularized in the 12th century by authors such as Chrétien de Troyes and Sir Thomas Malory. They include famous works like "Le Morte d'Arthur," which compile various legends and myths surrounding Arthur's reign and the quest for the Holy Grail.