Art music refers to a genre of music that is often composed for formal settings and is characterized by its complexity and depth. It typically includes classical music, which encompasses works from composers like Ludwig van Beethoven and Johann Sebastian Bach. Art music is usually written with specific notations and is performed by trained musicians in concert halls or other formal venues. This type of music often emphasizes artistic expression and intellectual engagement, distinguishing it from popular music. Art music can include various styles, such as opera, symphonies, and chamber music, and is often studied in academic settings to understand its historical and cultural significance.