The Arsacids of Armenia were a royal dynasty that ruled over the Kingdom of Armenia from the 1st century BC to the 4th century AD. They were part of the larger Arsacid dynasty, which originated in Persia and included rulers in other regions, such as Parthia. The Armenian Arsacids played a significant role in the cultural and political development of Armenia, often navigating complex relationships with neighboring powers like Rome and Persia. Under the Arsacid rule, Armenia became a center of Hellenistic culture and Christianity. The dynasty is known for its efforts to promote the Armenian language and literature, as well as for establishing the Armenian Apostolic Church. The Arsacids faced various challenges, including invasions and internal strife, but their legacy remains an essential part of Armenian history.