Armenian nationalism is a political and cultural movement that seeks to promote the interests and identity of the Armenian people. It emerged in the 19th century, primarily in response to the decline of the Ottoman Empire and the desire for self-determination. The movement emphasizes the importance of preserving the Armenian language, culture, and heritage, especially in the context of historical events such as the Armenian Genocide. The movement has played a significant role in the establishment of the modern Republic of Armenia in 1991, following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Armenian nationalism also focuses on the diaspora, encouraging Armenians worldwide to maintain their cultural identity and support their homeland.