Armand Hammer was an American businessman and philanthropist, born on May 21, 1898, in New York City. He is best known for his role as the chairman of the Occidental Petroleum Corporation, which he led for several decades. Hammer was influential in expanding the company’s operations, particularly in the oil industry, and he played a significant role in international business relations. In addition to his business ventures, Hammer was known for his connections with various political figures, including leaders from the Soviet Union. He was a prominent art collector and supporter of the arts, contributing to numerous cultural institutions throughout his life. Hammer passed away on December 10, 1990.