The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) is a protected area located in northeastern Alaska. It spans over 19 million acres and is home to diverse ecosystems, including coastal plains, mountains, and tundra. The refuge provides habitat for various wildlife species, such as caribou, polar bears, and migratory birds. Established in 1960, ANWR is significant for its natural beauty and ecological importance. It serves as a critical breeding ground for many animals and is a vital area for scientific research. The refuge is also a topic of ongoing debate regarding oil exploration and environmental conservation efforts.