Archduke Maximilian of Austria was born on July 6, 1832, and was a member of the Habsburg dynasty. He is best known for his brief reign as Emperor of Mexico from 1864 to 1867, a position he accepted during a time of political turmoil in Mexico. His rule was supported by Napoleon III of France, who aimed to establish a French empire in Latin America. Maximilian's reign faced significant opposition from Mexican republicans, led by Benito Juárez. Ultimately, he was captured and executed by firing squad on June 19, 1867. His death marked the end of the French intervention in Mexico and reinforced the country's commitment to republicanism.