An aquifer system is a geological formation that can store and transmit water, typically found underground. These systems consist of permeable rock or sediment, allowing water to flow through them. Aquifers are crucial for supplying fresh water for drinking, irrigation, and industrial use. They can be replenished by rainfall or surface water that seeps into the ground. Aquifer systems are often classified into two main types: unconfined aquifers, which are directly recharged by surface water, and confined aquifers, which are trapped between layers of impermeable rock. Understanding these systems is essential for sustainable water management and protecting water resources.