Aqueous Film-Forming Foam
Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) is a type of firefighting foam used to suppress flammable liquid fires. It works by creating a film that spreads over the surface of the burning liquid, cutting off the oxygen supply and cooling the fire. AFFF is commonly used in industrial settings, airports, and military applications due to its effectiveness against hydrocarbon fires.
The foam is made from a mixture of water, surfactants, and other chemicals. While AFFF is effective, concerns have been raised about its environmental impact, particularly regarding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are persistent in the environment and can pose health risks.