Appalachian history is shaped by the region's diverse cultures and geography. The Appalachian Mountains were home to Native American tribes, such as the Cherokee and Shawnee, long before European settlers arrived in the 18th century. The arrival of settlers led to conflicts over land and resources, significantly impacting indigenous populations. In the 19th century, the region became known for its coal mining and timber industries, which attracted many workers. The Appalachian Trail, established in the 20th century, highlights the area's natural beauty and cultural heritage, while ongoing economic challenges continue to influence the lives of its residents.