An antenna radiation pattern is a graphical representation that shows how an antenna radiates energy in different directions. It illustrates the strength of the signal emitted by the antenna at various angles, helping to visualize how effectively the antenna can transmit or receive signals. The pattern is typically displayed in polar or Cartesian coordinates. The radiation pattern can be classified into different types, such as omnidirectional, which radiates equally in all directions, and directional, which focuses energy in specific directions. Understanding these patterns is crucial for optimizing antenna placement and ensuring effective communication in systems like cellular networks and broadcasting.