Ancient universities were institutions of higher learning that emerged in the Middle Ages, primarily in Europe. The most notable examples include the University of Bologna, founded in 1088, and the University of Paris, established around 1150. These universities focused on subjects like law, medicine, and theology, laying the groundwork for modern education. Students at ancient universities often studied under renowned scholars and participated in rigorous debates. The curriculum was heavily influenced by classical texts from Ancient Greece and Rome. These institutions played a crucial role in the preservation and transmission of knowledge throughout the centuries, shaping the intellectual landscape of Europe.