Ancient Siam refers to the historical kingdom that existed in Southeast Asia, primarily in what is now known as Thailand. This kingdom flourished from the 13th to the 18th centuries and was known for its rich culture, trade, and influence in the region. The capital city, Ayutthaya, became a major center for commerce and diplomacy, attracting traders from around the world. The kingdom of Ancient Siam was characterized by its unique blend of Buddhism and Hinduism, which influenced its art, architecture, and social structure. Notable achievements include the construction of impressive temples and palaces, many of which still stand today, showcasing the advanced craftsmanship and artistic skills of the time.