Anaplasma is a genus of bacteria that primarily infects the blood cells of animals, particularly cattle and sheep. These bacteria are transmitted through the bites of infected ticks and can lead to various diseases, including anaplasmosis, which affects the host's red blood cells and can cause anemia. Infected animals may show symptoms such as fever, weakness, and weight loss. Anaplasma can also affect humans, although this is rare. Prevention strategies include controlling tick populations and monitoring livestock for signs of infection to ensure animal health and productivity.