Anabaptism is a Christian movement that emerged in the 16th century during the Protestant Reformation. It emphasizes adult baptism, believing that individuals should choose their faith rather than being baptized as infants. Anabaptists advocate for a separation of church and state and practice a communal lifestyle, often living in close-knit communities. Key groups within Anabaptism include the Mennonites, Amish, and Hutterites. These groups share core beliefs in pacifism, simplicity, and mutual aid. Anabaptism has significantly influenced modern Christian thought and practices, particularly in areas related to religious freedom and social justice.