Amyloid plaque is a clump of proteins that forms in the brains of individuals with certain neurodegenerative diseases, most notably Alzheimer's disease. These plaques are primarily made up of beta-amyloid peptides, which are fragments of a larger protein called amyloid precursor protein. When these fragments accumulate, they can disrupt communication between brain cells and trigger inflammation. The presence of amyloid plaques is often used as a key indicator in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease. Researchers believe that the buildup of these plaques may contribute to the cognitive decline and memory loss associated with the condition. Ongoing studies aim to understand their role in disease progression and explore potential treatments.