American independent cinema refers to films produced outside the major studio system, often characterized by lower budgets and a focus on unique storytelling. These films typically explore diverse themes and perspectives, allowing filmmakers to express their artistic vision without commercial constraints. This movement gained prominence in the 1990s with the rise of directors like Quentin Tarantino and Sofia Coppola, who brought independent films to mainstream audiences. Festivals such as Sundance and Tribeca play a crucial role in showcasing independent works, helping to launch the careers of many filmmakers and actors.