Allergy medications are drugs designed to relieve symptoms caused by allergic reactions, such as sneezing, itching, and runny nose. They work by blocking the effects of histamine, a substance in the body that triggers allergy symptoms. Common types of allergy medications include antihistamines, decongestants, and nasal corticosteroids. Antihistamines are often taken orally and can help reduce symptoms quickly. Decongestants relieve nasal congestion by narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages. Nasal corticosteroids are anti-inflammatory sprays that help reduce swelling and mucus production in the nasal passages, providing longer-term relief from allergy symptoms.