Alfred Kinsey was an American biologist and sexologist, best known for his groundbreaking research on human sexuality. He founded the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction and published influential works, including the Kinsey Reports in the late 1940s and early 1950s. These studies provided detailed statistical data on sexual behavior, challenging societal norms of the time. Kinsey's research revealed a wide range of sexual practices and orientations, emphasizing that human sexuality is diverse and complex. His work laid the foundation for modern sexology and sparked discussions about sexual health, education, and rights, influencing both academic and public perceptions of sexuality.