Alexander I of Russia was born on December 23, 1777, and became Emperor of Russia in 1801 after the assassination of his father, Paul I. He is known for his role in the Napoleonic Wars, where he led a coalition against Napoleon Bonaparte and played a significant part in the defeat of the French forces in 1812. During his reign, Alexander I implemented various reforms aimed at modernizing Russia, including educational and administrative changes. He also promoted the idea of a Holy Alliance, which sought to maintain conservative order in Europe after the fall of Napoleon. Alexander I ruled until his death on December 1, 1825.