Aluminum oxide, represented as Al₂O₃, is a chemical compound made up of aluminum and oxygen. It is commonly found in nature as the mineral corundum, which includes gemstones like sapphire and ruby. This compound is known for its hardness and is often used as an abrasive in various industrial applications. In addition to its use in abrasives, Al₂O₃ serves as a key material in the production of aluminum metal through the Bayer process. It is also utilized in ceramics, electronics, and as a catalyst support in chemical reactions due to its excellent thermal and chemical stability.