Aircraft stability refers to the ability of an aircraft to maintain its flight path without constant control input from the pilot. It is crucial for safe and efficient flying, as stable aircraft can recover from disturbances, such as turbulence or changes in weight distribution, more easily. Stability is categorized into two main types: longitudinal stability, which affects the aircraft's pitch, and lateral stability, which influences its roll. The design of an aircraft plays a significant role in its stability. Factors such as the shape of the wings, the position of the center of gravity, and the size of the tail surfaces all contribute to how stable an aircraft is in flight. Understanding these principles helps engineers create safer and more reliable aircraft.