Aimé Césaire was a Martinican poet, playwright, and politician, born on June 26, 1913. He is best known for his role in the Négritude movement, which celebrated Black culture and identity in response to colonialism. Césaire's most famous work, the poem "Cahier d'un retour au pays natal" (Notebook of a Return to My Native Land), explores themes of identity, exile, and the search for belonging. In addition to his literary contributions, Césaire served as the mayor of Fort-de-France and a member of the French National Assembly. His political career was marked by his advocacy for the rights of the Caribbean people and his critique of colonialism. Césaire passed away on April 17, 2008, leaving a lasting legacy in literature and politics.