The Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana (ANR) was the air force of the Italian Social Republic, a puppet state established by Nazi Germany during World War II. Formed in 1943, the ANR operated under the command of the German Luftwaffe and primarily engaged in combat against Allied forces. Its aircraft included various models, many of which were inherited from the previous Italian Royal Air Force. The ANR's operations were marked by limited resources and manpower, as Italy was facing significant challenges during the war. Despite these constraints, the ANR participated in several notable battles, contributing to the defense of the Italian territory until the end of the conflict in 1945.