Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) are treatment methods used to remove organic pollutants from water and wastewater. They involve the generation of highly reactive species, such as hydroxyl radicals, which can effectively break down complex contaminants into simpler, less harmful substances. AOPs are particularly useful for treating difficult-to-degrade compounds that traditional methods may not effectively eliminate. Common techniques used in AOPs include ozonation, Fenton's reagent, and photocatalysis. These processes can be applied in various settings, including industrial wastewater treatment and drinking water purification. AOPs are valued for their efficiency and ability to improve water quality by reducing toxic substances.