Acidification refers to the process by which a substance becomes more acidic, often due to the addition of acids or the removal of basic substances. In environmental contexts, it commonly describes the decrease in pH levels of natural bodies of water, such as oceans and lakes, primarily caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This can lead to harmful effects on aquatic life, including coral reefs and shellfish. The phenomenon of acidification is also observed in soil, where excessive use of fertilizers can lead to increased acidity. This can negatively impact plant growth and soil health, affecting agricultural productivity. Understanding acidification is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate its effects on ecosystems and human activities.