Access networks are the part of telecommunications that connect end-users to the broader telecommunications network. They serve as the bridge between individual devices, like smartphones and computers, and the internet or other services. Access networks can be wired, such as fiber optics or copper cables, or wireless, like Wi-Fi and cellular networks. These networks are crucial for delivering internet services, enabling communication, and providing access to various applications. They can vary in speed and capacity, depending on the technology used and the infrastructure in place. Overall, access networks play a vital role in ensuring connectivity for users around the world.