Academic systems refer to the structured frameworks that govern educational institutions, including schools, colleges, and universities. These systems outline the processes for curriculum development, assessment, and student progression. They ensure that educational standards are met and provide a pathway for students to achieve their academic goals. In many countries, academic systems are influenced by national or regional policies, which dictate the requirements for accreditation, curriculum design, and teacher qualifications. These systems also facilitate the transfer of credits between institutions, enabling students to pursue their education across different academic programs and degrees.