The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), also known as the Shanghai Ranking, is an annual ranking of global universities. It evaluates institutions based on various criteria, including research output, quality of faculty, and academic performance. The ranking aims to provide a clear picture of the academic standing of universities worldwide. ARWU primarily focuses on measurable indicators, such as the number of Nobel Prize winners and highly cited researchers affiliated with each institution. This ranking is widely recognized and used by students, educators, and policymakers to assess the quality and reputation of universities across the globe.