An Abugida is a type of writing system where each character represents a consonant with an inherent vowel sound. This means that the base character changes when different vowels are added. For example, in the Ge'ez script, used in languages like Amharic and Tigrinya, the same base character can represent different sounds depending on the vowel attached to it.
Abugidas are common in many languages around the world, especially in South Asia and Africa. They provide a more efficient way to write than alphabets, as they reduce the number of characters needed. This makes reading and writing faster for speakers of languages that use this system.